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Войти в исследования Transfusion · 2012
The first example of a patient with etoricoxib-induced immune hemolytic anemia.
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Mayer Beate, Genth Ramona, Dehner Rainer, Salama Abdulgabar
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Etoricoxib, a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase 2, is increasingly used in pain relief. Here, we report the first case of etoricoxib-induced immune hemolytic anemia.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: An 84-year-old male patient developed anemia 1 week after treatment with etoricoxib. There was no evidence of hemoglobinemia or hemoglobinuria. Administration of the drug was halted, and the patient recovered without further complications.
RESULTS: The patient's red blood cells (RBCs) were found to be strongly coated with immunoglobulin G and C3d. Eluted antibodies and dialyzed serum from the patient were not reactive with untreated RBCs, but with etoricoxib-treated RBCs, RBCs in the presence of etoricoxib, urine containing drug metabolites (ex vivo antigen), and two of four additional COX inhibitor drugs analyzed.
DISCUSSION: Although the causative antibodies were drug dependent usually leading to abrupt and intravascular hemolysis, the patient only gradually developed anemia. These findings together with a positive direct and indirect antiglobulin test may lead to confusion with autoimmune hemolytic anemia of warm type. A nonreactive eluate was the key serologic finding in identifying drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia in this case.
CONCLUSION: Etoricoxib should be considered as a risk in the development of immune hemolytic anemia, with the causative antibodies potentially reacting with other COX inhibitors.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: An 84-year-old male patient developed anemia 1 week after treatment with etoricoxib. There was no evidence of hemoglobinemia or hemoglobinuria. Administration of the drug was halted, and the patient recovered without further complications.
RESULTS: The patient's red blood cells (RBCs) were found to be strongly coated with immunoglobulin G and C3d. Eluted antibodies and dialyzed serum from the patient were not reactive with untreated RBCs, but with etoricoxib-treated RBCs, RBCs in the presence of etoricoxib, urine containing drug metabolites (ex vivo antigen), and two of four additional COX inhibitor drugs analyzed.
DISCUSSION: Although the causative antibodies were drug dependent usually leading to abrupt and intravascular hemolysis, the patient only gradually developed anemia. These findings together with a positive direct and indirect antiglobulin test may lead to confusion with autoimmune hemolytic anemia of warm type. A nonreactive eluate was the key serologic finding in identifying drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia in this case.
CONCLUSION: Etoricoxib should be considered as a risk in the development of immune hemolytic anemia, with the causative antibodies potentially reacting with other COX inhibitors.