Evaluation of the effect of platelet-derived growth factor-BB on the biological activity of human mandibular bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the effects of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) on the biological activities of human mandibular bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MBMSCs).

DESIGN

PDGF-BB (20 ng/mL) was used to treat MBMSCs, and its effects on their proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and migration were evaluated. Cell proliferation was evaluated using a WST-1 assay. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by measuring the mineralization potential and alkaline phosphatase activity. Cell migration was evaluated using wound healing and Transwell chamber assays. Cytoskeletal reorganization and adhesion dynamics were evaluated using immunofluorescence staining. Changes in intracellular signaling in MBMSCs induced by PDGF-BB stimulation were evaluated using western blotting. Furthermore, we investigated Girdin signaling as the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of PDGF-BB-induced cell migration.

RESULTS

PDGF-BB treatment did not affect the proliferation or osteogenic differentiation of MBMSCs. PDGF-BB promoted the migration of MBMSCs. PDGF-BB treatment enhanced F-actin filament formation and paxillin localization at the leading edge of cells. PDGF-BB treatment activated Akt signaling in MBMSCs, and the inhibition of Akt signaling effectively suppressed PDGF-BB-induced Akt activation and migration. PDGF-BB promoted the phosphorylation of Girdin in MBMSCs, and the inhibition of Akt signaling attenuated PDGF-BB-induced Girdin activation.

CONCLUSION

This study demonstrated that PDGF-BB strongly induces the migration of MBMSCs without affecting their proliferation or osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, PDGF-BB-induced migration of MBMSCs may be mediated through the Akt/Girdin signaling pathway. These findings provide important insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying PDGF-BB-induced periodontal tissue regeneration.