Incidental Gynecologic Tract Neoplasms in Women Undergoing Anterior Pelvic Exenteration for Urothelial Carcinoma.

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) invasive into the muscularis propria or tumors unresponsive to treatment are indications for cystectomy. In females, with the goal of achieving complete cancer eradication and for concerns of UC extension into the adjacent pelvic organs, this may also warrant resection of the gynecologic organs. This study is aimed to assess the prevalence of unanticipated gynecologic neoplasms in anterior pelvic exenteration specimens. A retrospective review of pathology reports to identify women undergoing anterior pelvic exenteration for UC was performed (N=221), and incidentally discovered gynecologic tract neoplasms were recorded. Concomitant malignant or premalignant lesions of the gynecologic tract were identified in 8 patients (3.6%). These included endometrial adenocarcinoma [endometrioid type, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics grade 1 (n=2, 0.9%)], cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (n=2, 0.9%), Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of intermediate differentiation (n=1, 0.5%), endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovary (n=1, 0.5%), and high-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary (n=1, 0.5%) and fallopian tube (n=1, 0.5%). Benign uterine neoplasms included leiomyomas (n=81, 37%), adenomyoma (n=3, 1.4%), and adenomatoid tumors (n=2, 0.9%). Benign ovarian neoplasms included serous cystadenoma (n=7, 3%), serous cystadenofibroma (n=4, 2%), benign Brenner tumor (n=5, 2.3%), mature teratoma (n=4, 2%), stromal luteoma (n=2, 0.9%), mucinous cystadenoma (n=1, 0.5%), thecoma (n=1, 0.5%), and endometrioid cystadenoma (n=1, 0.5%). Involvement of the gynecologic tract by UC was identified in 11 patients (5%). Spread of UC to the reproductive organs is rare in anterior pelvic exenteration specimens. Coexisting neoplasms of the gynecologic tract are occasionally identified, therefore careful evaluation of these organs is necessary.