Laparoscopic Double-Tract Esophago-Jejunostomy Reconstruction for Iatrogenic Esophageal Perforation After Endoscopic Pneumatic Dilatation for Achalasia: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Achalasia is a rare primary esophageal motility disorder of unknown etiology, with significant negative impact on patient quality of life. Esophageal perforation is the most serious complication after pneumatic dilatation for achalasia, with a high mortality rate of up to 20%. Double-tract reconstruction is used mainly after proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer, with the advantage of functional preservation of the stomach. We report a case of iatrogenic esophageal perforation after endoscopic pneumatic dilatation for achalasia that was successfully managed by laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction. CASE REPORT An elderly man started to manifest desaturation during endoscopic dilatation for achalasia, and multiple esophageal perforations were confirmed just above the gastroesophageal junction. During diagnostic laparoscopy, multiple perforations were found 2 cm proximal to the gastroesophageal junction extending 5 cm proximally with multiple linear mucosal tears. A trial of primary repair was difficult and double-tract reconstruction was performed by transection of the distal esophagus above the perforations and proximal gastrectomy. Then, 3 anastomoses were performed: end-to-end esophago-jejunostomy, end-to-side jejuno-jejunostomy, and side-to-side gastro-jejunostomy 15 cm distal to the esophago-jejunostomy site. After a smooth postoperative course, he was discharged home and was followed up regularly. CONCLUSIONS Esophageal perforation is the most serious complication after endoscopic pneumatic dilatation for achalasia. Double-tract reconstruction is a feasible and effective reconstruction modality following esophageal resection that avoids complications of esophago-gastrostomy. This technique deserves to be considered a valid treatment modality for advanced and complicated cases of achalasia, but further research is needed.