Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion · 2025
[Protective mechanism of electroacupuncture on gastric mucosa in rats with chronic atrophic gastritis based on PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway].
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Song Xiaofang, Zhu Tao, Ren Lina, Miao Jinling, Ji Laixi
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in rats with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and explore the protective mechanism of EA on gastric mucosa in CAG rats.
METHODS: A total of 60 SPF male SD rats were randomized into a blank group, a model group, an EA group and a western medication group, with 15 rats in each one. Four-factor comprehensive modeling method was used to establish the CAG model, and finally 10 rats in each group were intervened. In the EA group, acupuncture was provided at bilateral "Neiguan" (PC6), "Zusanli" (ST36) and "Zhongwan" (CV12); and electric stimulation was attached on "Neiguan" (PC6) and "Zusanli" (ST36) unilaterally, with disperse-dense wave, the frequency of 10 Hz/50 Hz, and the current of 1 mA to 3 mA, depending on the slight trembling of the rat limbs. Each intervention with EA took 20 min. In the western medication group, the gavage was operated with vitacoenzyme tablet solution, 350 mg/kg. The intervention was given once daily in the two groups and for 4 consecutive weeks. The general conditions of rats were observed before and after modeling, and after intervention completion. At the end of intervention, the morphology of gastric mucosa was observed using HE staining, the levels of serum pepsinogen (PG)Ⅰ, PGⅡ, gastrin-17 (GAS-17), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factorα (TNF-α) were detected by ELISA, and the ratio of PGⅠ/PGⅡ was calculated; the protein expression of PI3K, AKT, mTOR, Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B) in the gastric tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry; and the mRNA expression of PI3K, AKT, mTOR, Beclin-1 and LC3B in the gastric tissue was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.
RESULTS: Compared with the blank group, the rats in the model group showed mental malaise, dry and dull hair and hair lose, lower appetite, loose stool and perianal uncleanliness. After intervention, the rats in the model group presented the abnormal structure of gastric mucosa, the disordered arrangement of glands, reduced numbers and atrophic glands, accompanied by the increase in inflammatory cell infiltration. In the model group, the levels of serum PGⅠ and GAS-17, the value of PGⅠ/PGⅡ, and the protein and mRNA expression of Beclin-1 and LC3B in the gastric tissue decreased (P<0.01), and the levels of serum PGⅡ, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and the protein and mRNA expression of PI3K, AKT and mTOR increased (P<0.01) compared with those in the blank group. When compared with the model group, in the EA group and the western medication group after intervention, the mental state, color and luster of hair, reaction sensitivity and stool were all improved obviously; the morphology of gastric mucosa was markedly improved, and the number of glands increased, the glands were arranged more neatly, and the atrophic conditions were attenuated to different degrees; and the inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly reduced. In the EA group and the western medication group, the levels of serum PGⅠ and GAS-17, the value of PGⅠ/ PGⅡ, and the protein and mRNA expression of Beclin-1 and LC3B in the gastric tissue were elevated (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the levels of serum PGⅡ, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and the protein and mRNA expression of PI3K, AKT and mTOR were reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01) compared with those in the model group. There were no significant differences in the above indexes between the EA group and the western medication group (P>0.05).
CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture plays a protective effect on gastric mucosa of CAG rats probably by regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, reducing the release of inflammatory factors and improving the level of autophagy.
METHODS: A total of 60 SPF male SD rats were randomized into a blank group, a model group, an EA group and a western medication group, with 15 rats in each one. Four-factor comprehensive modeling method was used to establish the CAG model, and finally 10 rats in each group were intervened. In the EA group, acupuncture was provided at bilateral "Neiguan" (PC6), "Zusanli" (ST36) and "Zhongwan" (CV12); and electric stimulation was attached on "Neiguan" (PC6) and "Zusanli" (ST36) unilaterally, with disperse-dense wave, the frequency of 10 Hz/50 Hz, and the current of 1 mA to 3 mA, depending on the slight trembling of the rat limbs. Each intervention with EA took 20 min. In the western medication group, the gavage was operated with vitacoenzyme tablet solution, 350 mg/kg. The intervention was given once daily in the two groups and for 4 consecutive weeks. The general conditions of rats were observed before and after modeling, and after intervention completion. At the end of intervention, the morphology of gastric mucosa was observed using HE staining, the levels of serum pepsinogen (PG)Ⅰ, PGⅡ, gastrin-17 (GAS-17), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factorα (TNF-α) were detected by ELISA, and the ratio of PGⅠ/PGⅡ was calculated; the protein expression of PI3K, AKT, mTOR, Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B) in the gastric tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry; and the mRNA expression of PI3K, AKT, mTOR, Beclin-1 and LC3B in the gastric tissue was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.
RESULTS: Compared with the blank group, the rats in the model group showed mental malaise, dry and dull hair and hair lose, lower appetite, loose stool and perianal uncleanliness. After intervention, the rats in the model group presented the abnormal structure of gastric mucosa, the disordered arrangement of glands, reduced numbers and atrophic glands, accompanied by the increase in inflammatory cell infiltration. In the model group, the levels of serum PGⅠ and GAS-17, the value of PGⅠ/PGⅡ, and the protein and mRNA expression of Beclin-1 and LC3B in the gastric tissue decreased (P<0.01), and the levels of serum PGⅡ, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and the protein and mRNA expression of PI3K, AKT and mTOR increased (P<0.01) compared with those in the blank group. When compared with the model group, in the EA group and the western medication group after intervention, the mental state, color and luster of hair, reaction sensitivity and stool were all improved obviously; the morphology of gastric mucosa was markedly improved, and the number of glands increased, the glands were arranged more neatly, and the atrophic conditions were attenuated to different degrees; and the inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly reduced. In the EA group and the western medication group, the levels of serum PGⅠ and GAS-17, the value of PGⅠ/ PGⅡ, and the protein and mRNA expression of Beclin-1 and LC3B in the gastric tissue were elevated (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the levels of serum PGⅡ, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and the protein and mRNA expression of PI3K, AKT and mTOR were reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01) compared with those in the model group. There were no significant differences in the above indexes between the EA group and the western medication group (P>0.05).
CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture plays a protective effect on gastric mucosa of CAG rats probably by regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, reducing the release of inflammatory factors and improving the level of autophagy.