Vestibular and Audiometric Outcomes in Cochlear Implantation With Simultaneous Endolymphatic Sac Decompression for Patients With Ménière Disease.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the impact of cochlear implantation (CI) and simultaneous endolymphatic sac decompression (ELSD) on vestibular and audiometric outcomes in patients with advanced Ménière disease (MD).

STUDY

DESIGN

Historical cohort.

SETTING

Tertiary academic medical center.

PATIENTS: Patients with medically refractory MD who underwent CI with or without simultaneous ELSD from 2000 through 2024.

INTERVENTIONS: CI with or without ELSD.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Post-CI patient-reported changes in vertigo severity and frequency, Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant word (CNCw) scores, and AzBio sentences in quiet scores.

RESULTS

Ninety-nine patients with preoperative vertigo secondary to MD were eligible for study, including 17 (17%) who underwent simultaneous ELSD. In total, 15 (88%) and 2 (12%) of the 17 patients with simultaneous ELSD reported improvement and stability in vertigo severity, respectively; in comparison, 26 (32%), 40 (49%), and 16 (20%) of the 82 patients with CI alone reported improvement, stability, and worsening in vertigo severity, respectively ( P <0.001). Likewise, 15 (88%) and 2 (12%) of the patients with simultaneous ELSD reported improvement and stability in vertigo frequency, respectively, whereas 21 (26%), 43 (52%), and 18 (22%) of patients with CI alone reported improvement, stability, and worsening in vertigo frequency, respectively ( P <0.001). Post-CI speech recognition scores were not significantly different between the simultaneous ELSD and CI alone groups [median (IQR) CNCw 70 (38 to 82) vs. 72 (58 to 82) and median (IQR) AzBio quiet 87 (67 to 96) vs. 87 (73 to 94), respectively].

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with MD, CI with simultaneous ELSD provides improvement in vertigo symptoms and similar audiometric outcomes when compared with CI alone. In appropriately selected patients with both refractory vestibular symptoms and sensorineural hearing loss meeting criteria for implantation, CI with simultaneous ELSD offers improvement in severity and frequency of vertigo as well as successful auditory rehabilitation.