DLI or second transplant.

We analyzed toxicity and efficacy of second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) in 66 patients relapsing with acute myeloid leukemia (n = 15), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 5), chronic myeloid leukemia (n = 14), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 14), myeloma (n = 8), myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 8), and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (n = 2). Forty-one patients were given second HSCT and 25 DLI. Sixteen patients (39%) are alive and disease-free after a second HSCT including 13 who had received nonmyeloablative conditioning. Thirteen patients (52%) are alive after DLI with mainly chronic myeloid leukemia patients in continuous complete remission. Relapse after HSCT is still a challenging situation and further studies to improve outcome of these patients are warranted.