Preliminary noninvasive back-pressure recordings of bladder pressure.

Obstructive voiding is best evaluated with urodynamics, including bladder pressure and urine flow rates. Until recently, the recording of bladder pressure required the use of a urethral catheter. In preliminary observations, a noninvasive back-pressure method using an external condom catheter has been introduced to determine bladder pressure. This device uses a side tube for pressure recording and an outlet tube that is clamped for short periods of time. We have investigated design criteria for back-pressure recording techniques. In the laboratory setting using a plastic model, we determined that a low compliance condom is needed. In addition, a back flow of fluid during the clamping procedure helps to obtain quick back pressures and facilitates evaluation of pressure when low flow rates are present. These modified condom devices were evaluated in four male subjects. Back pressures were not statistically different than bladder pressures recorded with a urethral catheter. The use of back pressures in the evaluation for obstructive uropathy can be enhanced by using a pressure and flow nomogram.