[Advances in the application of stem cells for the treatment of respiratory diseases].

Respiratory diseases are diverse and complex, and even the same disease may exhibit heterogeneity. Current treatments are often hampered by limited efficacy and insufficient targeting. In recent years, regenerative therapies have gradually gained attention, and stem cell-based therapies have shown potential in respiratory diseases. However, their basic research clinical validation, and translational pathways remain to be further explored. This review outlines the classification of stem cells, their mechanisms of action, research progress in various respiratory diseases, as well as future challenges and perspectives. It aims to summarize the current status and potential value of stem cell-based therapies in respiratory diseases and to inform related basic, clinical, and translational research.