Mesoporous bioactive glass hybrid nanoparticles accelerate tendon-bone healing via synergistic angiogenesis and immunomodulation.

A critical clinical challenge for Rotator cuff tear (RCT) treatment is to enhance tendon-bone healing, which is greatly affected by insufficient vascularization, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. In this work, a novel nanoparticle, MBG@SeHA/Sim, was designed to synergistically promote angiogenesis, modulate the immune response and promote bone regeneration, thereby accelerating tendon-bone healing. The comprehensive in vitro assays demonstrated that MBG@SeHA/Sim showed superior capabilities in promoting vascularization, mitigating inflammation, and stimulating bone regeneration. Besides, mechanistic studies suggested that the anti-inflammatory action of MBG@SeHA/Sim may involve the MAPK, NF-κB, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. In vivo, animal experiments demonstrated that MBG@SeHA/Sim can effectively promote tendon-bone healing. Overall, these findings demonstrated that MBG@SeHA/Sim effectively promotes tendon-bone healing through multiple functions and presents a viable approach to address the clinical challenge of suboptimal healing after rotator cuff repair surgery.