Toxicology reports · 2025
Phytochemical composition, acute and subacute toxicity profile of Persea amaricana seed oil in albino Wistar rats.
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Iweala Emeka Joshua, Okore Finian Uchenna, Okoro Benedict Chukwuebuka, Dania Omoremime Elizabeth, Amuji Doris Nnenna, Ugbogu Eziuche Amadike
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the phytochemical composition and toxicity profile of Persea americana seed oil (PASO) in albino Wistar rats.
METHODS: Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyse the chemical constituents of PASO. For the acute toxicity test, PASO was administered orally in a single dose of up to 3000 mg/kg body weight (bw). For the subacute toxicity test, the rats were divided into four (4) groups. Group I (normal control), while groups II, III and IV received 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg PASO daily, respectively, for 14 days.
RESULTS: In the acute toxicity test, the lethal dose (LD50) of PASO was estimated to be 1477.83 mg/kg. In the subacute toxicity test, PASO significantly increased (p < 0.05) aspartate aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, urea, malondialdehyde, high density lipoprotein, interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and cardiac troponin and significantly decreased glutathione, red blood cells (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), superoxide dismutase and catalase compared to the control group.
CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the LD50 of PASO is 1477.83 mg/kg body weight, which classifies it as a moderately toxic substance. In subacute toxicity, our results revealed that treatment with PASO resulted in an increase in liver enzymes, urea and creatinine, and inflammatory markers, and a decrease in antioxidant enzymes, suggesting that PASO impairs liver and kidney functions and may cause cardiac or muscle damage in albino Wistar rats.
METHODS: Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyse the chemical constituents of PASO. For the acute toxicity test, PASO was administered orally in a single dose of up to 3000 mg/kg body weight (bw). For the subacute toxicity test, the rats were divided into four (4) groups. Group I (normal control), while groups II, III and IV received 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg PASO daily, respectively, for 14 days.
RESULTS: In the acute toxicity test, the lethal dose (LD50) of PASO was estimated to be 1477.83 mg/kg. In the subacute toxicity test, PASO significantly increased (p < 0.05) aspartate aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, urea, malondialdehyde, high density lipoprotein, interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and cardiac troponin and significantly decreased glutathione, red blood cells (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), superoxide dismutase and catalase compared to the control group.
CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the LD50 of PASO is 1477.83 mg/kg body weight, which classifies it as a moderately toxic substance. In subacute toxicity, our results revealed that treatment with PASO resulted in an increase in liver enzymes, urea and creatinine, and inflammatory markers, and a decrease in antioxidant enzymes, suggesting that PASO impairs liver and kidney functions and may cause cardiac or muscle damage in albino Wistar rats.