Blood Types May Be Involved in the Occurrence of Coronary Heart Disease Through Serum Lipids.

BACKGROUND

ABO blood types have important clinical significance in medicine. In this paper, our primary objective is to evaluate the association between ABO blood types and coronary heart disease (CHD) in the Chinese population. The secondary objective is to explore whether blood lipids may serve as a potential influencing factor in the relationship between blood types and CHD.

METHODS

We collected data from 5188 CHD patients to assess the distribution of blood types between CHD patients and blood donors, and performed binary logistic regression analysis to explore the correlation between blood types and CHD. Subgroup analyses and interactions were conducted to verify the robustness of the findings. Serum biological markers of CHD across different blood types were compared to explore potential underlying mechanisms.

RESULTS

The proportion of Type A was higher (p = 0.012), and Type O was lower (p = 0.047) in CHD. Logistic regression modeling analyses showed that Type A had a significantly increased risk of CHD by 24% compared with non-A (OR [95% CI] 1.24: 1.05-1.45, p = 0.009). Blood Type A had a consistent effect on the risk of CHD across all subgroups, with no significant interaction observed (p for interaction > 0.1). Further, serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were found to be significantly higher in individuals with Type A CHD compared with those with non-A blood types (p = 0.02, p = 0.045, p = 0.019).

CONCLUSIONS

Type A is an independent risk factor for CHD, and CHD patients with Type A exhibit higher blood lipid levels, suggesting that blood type antigens may be involved in the occurrence of CHD through the lipid pathway.