[Dynamic Evolution and Clinical Significance of Irregular Erythrocyte Antibodies Distribution in Hospitalized Patients after Rh-Compatible Transfusion in Shenzhen].

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the distribution trends of irregular erythrocyte antibodies among hospitalized patients in Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University from 2020 to 2024, and to evaluate the impact of Rh-compatible transfusion strategies on antibody profiles, thereby providing evidence for optimizing antigen compatibility protocols.

METHODS

A retrospective study was conducted using data from the Transfusion Laboratory Information Management System (TLIS). Irregular antibody screening and specificity identification were performed using automated microcolumn gel agglutination and manual methods.

RESULTS

The overall positive rate of irregular antibodies was 0.76% (309/40 646). The proportion of Rh blood group system antibodies significantly decreased from 56.36% (2020) to 21.05% (2024), while MNS system antibodies increased from 7.27% (4/55) to 25.00% (19/76), surpassing Rh antibodies for the first time in 2024. Lewis system antibodies also showed a notable rise (7.77% overall).

CONCLUSION

Rh-compatible transfusion effectively reduces Rh-related immunization but shifts antibody burden to MNS and Lewis systems. Regional transfusion protocols should prioritize MNS and Lewis antigen matching, with enhanced screening for Kidd antibodies in high-risk populations.