De novo autoimmune hepatitis during immune reconstitution in an HIV-infected patient receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is typically seen in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients who commence antiretroviral therapy. In patients who experience this syndrome, the immune system's reconstitution leads to a response directed against pathogens or autoantigens. We report, to our knowledge, the first case of autoimmune hepatitis caused by immune reconstitution.