[Role of genetic features of Helicobacter pylori in development of inflammation of the gastric mucosa in chronic gastritis and ulcer disease].

This review, which is devoted to the analysis of current data on genetic properties of Helicobacteria, is the first work in the Russian literature summarizing the research results published before and after the sequencing of the genome of two Helicobacter pylori pathogenic strains--26695 and J99. It discloses information about the genetic control of pathogenecity factors and their localization on the chromosome. There is a review of genes participating in the colonization of Helicobacteria, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, urease synthesis, and pH control. Special attention is focused on the problem of so-called "viable" but non-cultured forms of Helicobacter pylori.