Gender-Affirming Medical Treatment of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Individuals.

Gender-affirming medical treatment for transgender and gender-diverse individuals effectively aligns secondary sex characteristics with gender identity improving psychological well-being, quality of life, and social functioning. This article focuses on gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) synthesizing current evidence and guideline recommendations for feminizing and masculinizing GAHT, including dosing strategies, monitoring protocols, fertility counseling, and management of common side effects. Future priorities include optimizing low-dosing protocols for nonbinary patients. GAHT, when provided through informed-consent and evidence-based monitoring, represents safe, effective, and life-affirming care. Continued innovation and global research are essential to advance equity and ensure high-quality gender-affirming medicine for all.