General anesthesia/general anesthetics: Journal of Anesthesia symposium 2025.

Key interventions for anesthesia patients include administering drugs, infusing fluids and blood, and providing artificial ventilation. As general anesthetics are always administered to patients undergoing general anesthesia, anesthetists need to be familiar with the fundamentals and the latest issues of general anesthesia/anesthetics. The Journal of Anesthesia symposium 2025 aimed to discuss fundamental topics and environmental issues related to general anesthesia and anesthetics. In this symposium, we had following topics: (1) patient outcomes of general anesthesia observed outside the operating room after the surgery, (2) updated information on the benefits and limitations of intravenous and inhalational anesthesia, (3) the environmental impact and recommended actions, and (4) potential reasons for not selecting intravenous anesthesia despite its apparent benefits for anesthetized patients.