Design of binary constellation for GEO target monitoring based on localized leak-proof observation strategy.

Geosynchronous (GEO) orbit is a significant gathering point for navigation, meteorological, and communications satellites that require close monitoring and protection. To achieve successful observation of GEO objects, we developed a constellation of two satellites based on the localized leak-proof observation strategy of natural rendezvous. The constellation's two satellites are spread in equal phase on the coorbital plane of the sun-synchronous orbit, and scene modeling determines the field of view of the satellite's detector. We separated the detector's field of view into two parts: along orbit (AOFOV) and across orbit (COFOV), and we established the detector's threshold field of view in the binary constellation. The results show that when the AOFOV and COFOV thresholds are both 16°, the binary constellation's coverage rate to GEO orbital targets can reach 99.12%. Compared with the designed four-star constellation, the field of view waste index is reduced by 50.51% while the coverage rate remains unchanged, the revisit period is 1 day, and all-weather continuous observation is achievable.