[Research progress on risk factors and risk prediction of cardiovascular diseases related to antiphospholipid syndrome].

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by clinical manifestations such as thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, and miscarriage caused by persistent positive antiphospholipid antibodies. The cardiovascular system is one of the main target systems involved, including valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease, myocardial disease, pulmonary hypertension, and intracardiac thrombus. The 2023 American College of Rheumatology(ACR)/European League Against Rheumatology(EULAR) Antiphospholipid Syndrome Classification Criteria were released, incorporating various clinical features including valvular heart lesions for quantitative assessment. Patients with APS with cardiovascular system involvement often have a poor prognosis, and there are currently no relevant guidelines or consensuses for the diagnosis and treatment of APS-related cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the risk factors for APS-related cardiovascular diseases at an early stage and effectively predict their occurrence. This article elaborates on the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in patients with APS.