Use of Auditory Training and Its Influence on Early Cochlear Implant Outcomes in Adults.

OBJECTIVE

Assess associations between postcochlear implant (CI) auditory training and early outcomes related to speech recognition and CI quality of life (CIQOL).

STUDY

DESIGN

Longitudinal, prospective cohort.

SETTING

Tertiary academic center.

PATIENTS: Seventy-two adults undergoing cochlear implantation for bilateral severe-to-profound hearing loss.

INTERVENTIONS: Self-reported use of three categories of auditory training post-CI activation: (1) face-to-face training (e.g., speech pathologist), (2) passive home-based training (e.g., listening to audiobooks), and (3) computer-based training (e.g., interactive software).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Change in Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant phoneme (CNCp), CNC word (CNCw), AzBio sentences in quiet, and CIQOL-35 Profile global and domain scores from pre-CI to 3-month post-CI.

RESULTS

Of 72 patients, 52 (72.2%) used an auditory training resource. Of all patients, 18.4% used face-to-face training, 58.3% passive home-based training, and 33.3% computer-based training. At 3 months post-CI, use of any training was associated with greater improvement in speech recognition (d-range = 0.57-0.85) and global and domain-specific CIQOL scores, except entertainment (d-range = -0.33 to 0.77). Use of computer-based training demonstrated the greatest effect, with larger improvements in speech recognition (CNCp: d = 0.69[0.03,1.35]; CNCw: d = 0.80[0.14,1.46]; AzBio: d = 1.11[0.44,1.77]) and global and all domain-specific CIQOL scores (d-range = 0.05-1.35). Controlling for age, sex, household income, and use of multiple training resources, computer-based training remained the strongest positive predictor of speech recognition and CIQOL improvement, with significant associations with CNCp (ß = 33.07[1,43,64.719]), AzBio (ß = 33.03[5.71,60.35]), and CIQOL-global (ß = 10.92[1.15,20.70]) score improvement.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings provide preliminary evidence-based recommendations for use of specific auditory training resources for new adult CI recipients. Auditory training, especially self-directed computer software, resulted in improved speech recognition and CIQOL outcomes after 3 months and are widely available for CI users.