The Laryngoscope · 2021
Impact of Face Masks on Speech Acoustics and Vocal Effort in Healthcare Professionals.
СтатьяПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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McKenna Victoria S, Kendall Courtney L, Patel Tulsi H, Howell Rebecca J, Gustin Renee L
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: We investigated speech acoustics and self-reported vocal symptoms in mask-wearing healthcare professionals. We hypothesized that there would be an attenuation of spectral energies and increase in vocal effort during masked speech compared to unmasked speech.
STUDY DESIGN: Within and between subject quasi-experimental design.
METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 21 healthcare providers (13 cisgender female, 8 cisgender male; M = 32.9 years; SD = 7.9 years) and assessed acoustics and perceptual measures with and without a face mask in place. Measurements included: 1) acoustic Vowel Articulation Index (VAI); 2) cepstral and spectral acoustic measures; 3) traditional vocal measures (e.g., fundamental frequency, intensity); 4) relative fundamental frequency (RFF); and 5) self-reported ratings of vocal effort and dyspnea.
RESULTS: During masked speech, there was a significant reduction in VAI, high-frequency information (>4 kHz), and RFF offset 10, as well as a significant increase in cepstral peak prominence and perceived vocal effort. Further analysis showed that high-frequency attenuation was more pronounced when wearing an N95 mask compared to a simple mask.
CONCLUSIONS: Face masks pose an additional barrier to effective communication that primarily impacts spectral characteristics, vowel space measures, and vocal effort. Future work should evaluate how long-term mask use impacts vocal health and may contribute to vocal problems.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 Laryngoscope, 132:391-397, 2022.
STUDY DESIGN: Within and between subject quasi-experimental design.
METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 21 healthcare providers (13 cisgender female, 8 cisgender male; M = 32.9 years; SD = 7.9 years) and assessed acoustics and perceptual measures with and without a face mask in place. Measurements included: 1) acoustic Vowel Articulation Index (VAI); 2) cepstral and spectral acoustic measures; 3) traditional vocal measures (e.g., fundamental frequency, intensity); 4) relative fundamental frequency (RFF); and 5) self-reported ratings of vocal effort and dyspnea.
RESULTS: During masked speech, there was a significant reduction in VAI, high-frequency information (>4 kHz), and RFF offset 10, as well as a significant increase in cepstral peak prominence and perceived vocal effort. Further analysis showed that high-frequency attenuation was more pronounced when wearing an N95 mask compared to a simple mask.
CONCLUSIONS: Face masks pose an additional barrier to effective communication that primarily impacts spectral characteristics, vowel space measures, and vocal effort. Future work should evaluate how long-term mask use impacts vocal health and may contribute to vocal problems.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 Laryngoscope, 132:391-397, 2022.