Role of CD68 in the tumor immune microenvironment in Hodgkin's lymphoma.

INTRODUCTION

Despite the high rate of cure in classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL), some patients experienced a refractory disease, sometimes, hardly curable. In the pathogenesis of cHL, Reed Sternberg Cells (HRSC), which represent only less than 1% of tumor cells, are not the only protagonist; in fact, the role of tumor microenvironment is essential in survival, tumor growth, and progression of the disease due to the interaction between immune cells, chemokines, and cytokines.

AREAS COVERED: In this review, the current significant literature was discussed. Many studies demonstrated the role of macrophages CD68+ as 'protumor', especially in supporting HRSC survival through cell-to-cell and paracrine interactions. Increased infiltration of CD68 macrophages correlate with a poor prognosis. This review examines the interaction between CD68 macrophages, HRSC and cHL milieu, and the consequent clinical impact, providing an up-do-date portrait of these immune cells with possible translational and therapeutic applications.

EXPERT OPINION: We can suggest that a high baseline CD68 macrophages in cHL patients could contribute to the identification of high-risk patients and help clinicians to choose the best treatment, in the context of refractory disease. A macrophage target strategy in association with chemotherapy or biological therapy could represent a promising approach for future studies and investigations.