T3 translational science in gastroenterology: getting to best outcomes.

Achieving the best possible outcomes requires the reliable implementation of best practices for every patient. Specifically, optimizing outcomes requires a spectrum of research spanning basic science, drug development, clinical efficacy and effectiveness, health services, quality improvement, and implementation research. However, our rapid increase in understanding the mechanisms of health and disease and their treatment has far outpaced our ability to reliably provide that care, resulting in poor reliability and enormous variation in care. T3 translational research studies attempt to answer questions surrounding reliable implementation of interventions, decreasing variations in care, and spreading effective therapies. To answer these questions, T3 research may use traditional research methodology such as randomized controlled trials (RCTs); however, various other approaches such as quasiexperimental designs (eg, time-series analysis) are often used. Although uncommon, T3 research has shown promise in not only improving process measures such as correct dosing of medications, but also outcome measures such as improved remission rates in patients with IBD. A more complete integration of T3 translational research into the more traditional research continuum is necessary if we are to achieve the best possible outcomes for our patients.