Percutaneous antegrade dilatation of distal ureteral strictures and obstructions.

Since the first ureteral dilatations in experimental dogs were performed, the technique in human has been accepted and improved over the years. Balloon dilatation has been successful, but it has been very difficult or impossible to force the guide wires through long total strictures, especially those localized distally. In order to recanalize very narrow strictures or total occlusions located in the distal ureter, a modified angiographic technique was developed and tested in 12 ureters in 10 patients.