Morphological and molecular characterization of Bertiella sp. (Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae) infection in a human and howler monkeys in Argentina.

Bertiella sp. is a typical parasite in non-human primates and only a few cases of bertiellosis have been reported in humans. We present a new case study of bertiellosis in a 42-year-old woman caretaker of howler monkeys in a wild rehabilitation center in Argentina. Bertiella sp. infection was also diagnosed in the monkeys. Proglottids and feces were collected from the caretaker and monkeys; the samples were submitted for parasitological examination by morphological characterization and molecular identification using both nuclear (18S and ITS1-5.8-ITS2 rDNA) and mitochondrial (cox1) markers. Morphological and molecular data were consistent and allowed the classification of the specimen to the genus level. The analyses also showed the presence of cysts of Giardia lamblia and oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. in howler monkeys, and cysts of Blastocystis sp. in both the caretaker and monkeys. This study recorded the fourth case of bertiellosis in a human host from Argentina and the eighth case in South America. Moreover, this is the first study that compares the morphological and molecular features of Bertiella sp. found in both a human and monkeys from the same geographical region. These results suggest that the cohabitation between humans and monkeys increases the opportunities of infection by Bertiella sp. and other potential zoonotic parasites.