Combination of Radiation Therapy, Wim's Tumor 1 (WT1) Dendritic Cell Vaccine Therapy, and α-Galactosylceramide-Pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine Therapy for End-Stage Small Bowel Cancer.

There is no established treatment for terminal cancer patients who no longer respond to surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, and palliative care is the standard worldwide. We performed intensity-modulated radiation therapy for pain relief in a 40-year-old male patient with end-stage small intestinal cancer who had been diagnosed with a life expectancy of two months after chemotherapy had been ineffective. Subsequent administration of seven doses of dendritic cell vaccine recognizing Wim's tumor 1 (WT1) and α-galactosylceramide antigens resulted in significant shrinkage of the cancer and marked improvement of the patient's general condition. The combination therapy of radiotherapy and dendritic cell vaccine therapy may suppress cancer progression and prolong survival, even in patients with chemotherapy-refractory terminal cancer. In particular, double dendritic cell vaccine therapy with WT1 and α-galactosylceramide-pulsed dendritic cell may provide an anti-tumor immune effect that is superior to that of the respective monotherapy.