Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Approaches, Functional Bioactives, and Nutritional Interventions.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine condition that profoundly affects the reproductive, metabolic, and psychological well-being of women of reproductive age. This thorough analysis synthesizes dietary, environmental, and clinical viewpoints to provide a full picture of PCOS treatment. This review analyzed the impact of dietary interventions and essential bioactive substances on hormonal regulation, enhancement of insulin sensitivity, and reduction of systemic inflammation. Furthermore, it examined the possible effects of endocrine-disrupting substances, including bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, on the pathophysiology of PCOS. A comprehensive examination of contemporary clinical assessment procedures, including diagnostic criteria, test biomarkers, and novel precision medicine strategies, underscores the significance of individualized evaluation. Moreover, the therapeutic efficacy of phytochemicals (e.g., polyphenols, isoflavones) and functional supplements (e.g., inositol, N-acetylcysteine) is examined within the framework of evidence-based symptom management. This review synthesizes existing data on linked variables, emphasizing the need for an integrated, customized strategy to PCOS therapy and identifying critical areas for further exploration to enhance clinical results.