[Stroke and epiphysis].

The data on the role of epiphysis and its key hormone melatonin in the natural mechanisms of brain protection from stroke are reviewed. The authors consider chronobiological features of stroke with regard to the fact that epiphysis, which produces melatonin, is involved in the formation of oscillatory processes. Experimental evidences that cerebral ischemia depends on epiphysis activity and injection of exogenic melatonin are presented. Based on experimental data, the authors reveal the protective effect of epiphysis activity in stroke by means of the systemic and direct neuroprotective action of melatonin. It has been suggested that nontoxic preparations of melatonin may be needed in the complex prevention and treatment of stroke, especially in elderly patients with the natural involution of the pineal gland.