Oral surgery: part 3. Temporomandibular disorders.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a collection of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the muscles of mastication and/or associated structures. They are probably one of the most commonly presenting chronic orofacial pain complaints to the dental profession. TMDs are recognised as a chronic illness and exert biopsychosocial effects on the patient and should therefore be managed in a biopsychosocial manner. This chapter will firstly cover the basic anatomy of the TMJ and its associated structures and then go on to discuss the signs and symptoms, aetiology, diagnosis, and broad management options for TMDs.