Journal of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026
Prevalence of bruxism in users of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: A retrospective cross-sectional study.
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Santos Isabela Menezes, Machado Emily Vieira, de Oliveira Dhelfeson Willya Douglas, Flecha Olga Dumont, Leonan-Silva Brender
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Bruxism is a repetitive jaw-muscle activity, involving teeth clenching, grinding, and mandibular bracing or thrusting, occurring during wakefulness or sleep. Its multifactorial etiology includes neurophysiological, psychosocial, and pharmacological factors. Increasing evidence suggests an association between serotonergic antidepressants-especially SSRIs and SNRIs-and the onset or worsening of bruxism. This study aims to assess bruxism prevalence among SSRI/SNRI users and explore its correlation with demographic, occupational, and psychosocial factors.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on clinical records of patients treated at the Temporomandibular Disorders Clinic of the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (Brazil) between 2013 and 2024. Bruxism diagnosis was based on self-report and clinical evidence of tooth wear. Because the database spans years predating the publication of the STAB consensus, standardized STAB-based diagnostic protocols could not be retrospectively applied. Data were analyzed using Pearson's chi-square and logistic regression (α = 0.05).
RESULTS: Among 583 patients evaluated, 400 (68.6%) presented signs of bruxism. Fifty-three (9.1%) were SSRI/SNRI users, of whom 43 (81.1%) exhibited bruxism. Logistic regression revealed that antidepressant users were 2.5 times more likely to present bruxism than non-users (OR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.21-5.23; p = 0.014). Occupational stress, particularly among students, was also significantly associated (OR = 1.77; p = 0.004). Axis II-related symptoms (stress, anxiety, and depression) showed no statistical significance.
DISCUSSION: The use of serotonergic antidepressants, especially SSRIs, was significantly associated with bruxism. These findings underscore the importance of considering psychopharmacological and psychosocial factors in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of bruxism.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on clinical records of patients treated at the Temporomandibular Disorders Clinic of the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (Brazil) between 2013 and 2024. Bruxism diagnosis was based on self-report and clinical evidence of tooth wear. Because the database spans years predating the publication of the STAB consensus, standardized STAB-based diagnostic protocols could not be retrospectively applied. Data were analyzed using Pearson's chi-square and logistic regression (α = 0.05).
RESULTS: Among 583 patients evaluated, 400 (68.6%) presented signs of bruxism. Fifty-three (9.1%) were SSRI/SNRI users, of whom 43 (81.1%) exhibited bruxism. Logistic regression revealed that antidepressant users were 2.5 times more likely to present bruxism than non-users (OR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.21-5.23; p = 0.014). Occupational stress, particularly among students, was also significantly associated (OR = 1.77; p = 0.004). Axis II-related symptoms (stress, anxiety, and depression) showed no statistical significance.
DISCUSSION: The use of serotonergic antidepressants, especially SSRIs, was significantly associated with bruxism. These findings underscore the importance of considering psychopharmacological and psychosocial factors in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of bruxism.