Unsuccessful omentopexy in thoracic surgery.

Omentopexy has improved the treatment of chronic empyema and postpneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula, which otherwise are difficult to manage. However, omentopexy is not effective in some patients. Four of 17 patients who underwent omentopexy in our institution between January 1978 and March 1994 did not respond to the treatment and died. In two patients, a dead space remained after surgery and there was insufficient sterilization. In one patient, a dead space appeared after surgery and it was impossible to control infection. The fourth patient had dehiscence of the anastomosis triggered by postoperative acute gastritis. All four patients in whom omentopexy was not successful died. When omentopexy is used for empyema, the space should first be sterilized. If sterilization is insufficient, muscle filling and thoracoplasty must be performed and no dead space left.