Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (E-NTPDase1/CD39) as a new prognostic marker in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Numerous prognostic markers were introduced to screen for patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) likely to have a progressive course, bearing the potential to facilitate risk-adapted treatment strategies. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) functions as a "natural adjuvant" that boosts immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (CD39/ENTPD1) is the ectonucleotidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP. The present study was conducted to analyze CD39 expression in T cells and B-CLL cells to evaluate its impact on the clinical course of patients with B-CLL and correlate its levels with well-established risk factors. T-cell CD39 expression was significantly increased in patients' peripheral blood compared to healthy controls. The higher levels were associated with advanced stages of disease and negatively interacted with time to first treatment. Overall, our data indicate that T-cell CD39 expression may identify subsets of patients with B-CLL with an unfavorable clinical outcome. Moreover, it can be incorporated into prognostic schema to improve the prediction of CLL disease progression.