siRNA/lipopolymer nanoparticles to arrest growth of chronic myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo.

Therapies for the treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and other leukemias are still limited for patients at advanced stages, which allow development of point mutations in the BCR-ABL fusion gene that render CML cells insensitive to therapies. An effective non-viral delivery system based on lipopolymers is described in this study to deliver specific siRNAs to CML cells for therapeutic gene silencing. The lipopolymer, based on the lipid α-linolenic acid (αLA) substitution on low molecular weight polyethyleneimine (PEI), was used to deliver siRNA against the BCR-ABL gene and, the resultant therapeutic effect was evaluated in in vitro and in vivo CML models. The study concluded that siRNA/PEI-αLA nanoparticles enabled silencing of the BCR-ABL gene and BCR-ABL protein, which consequently reduced growth on CML K562 cells in vitro and arrested the growth of localized tumors in a localized CML mouse model. The results from this study confirmed the potential use of lipopolymers as delivery systems and are encouraging for the future design of non-viral delivery systems for the treatment of CML and other hematological malignancies resulting from gene fusions.