European heart journal · 2026
RUNX1-driven endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition contributes to remodelling in LMNA cardiomyopathy.
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Wu David, Tripathi Dipti, Manhas Amit, Noishiki Chikage, Liu Lu, Wu Catherine A, Venkateshappa Ravichandra, Zhang Hao, Ren Lu, Thomas Dilip, Nalbandian Minas, Limbu Lasemahang, DaValle Claire C, Rangan Ekanath Srihari, Nallamshetty Shriram, Boyd Jack H, Malik Sachin B, Woo Y Joseph, Sayed Danish, Sallam Karim, Blau Helen M, Wu Joseph C, Sayed Nazish
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: LMNA-related dilated cardiomyopathy (LMNA-DCM) is a progressive genetic disorder characterized by conduction disease, malignant arrhythmias, myocardial fibrosis, and heart failure. Although LMNA mutations have traditionally been associated with cardiomyocyte-intrinsic defects, the mechanisms driving fibrotic remodelling remain incompletely understood.
METHODS: Spatial transcriptomics and integrated single-nuclei multiomics were performed on explanted human LMNA-DCM hearts to define endothelial transcriptional and epigenomic states associated with fibrosis. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells, engineered cardiac organoids, and the LMNAH222P/H222P mouse model were used to investigate RUNX1-mediated endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). Genetic and pharmacological RUNX1 inhibition strategies were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.
RESULTS: Endothelial populations exhibiting EndoMT-associated transcriptional and epigenomic signatures were identified in human LMNA-DCM hearts. LMNA induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells demonstrated endothelial dysfunction, mesenchymal gene activation, and epigenetic activation of RUNX1 following loss of LMNA-mediated repression. Genetic RUNX1 deletion restored endothelial identity, reversed EndoMT-associated transcriptional programmes, and normalized chromatin accessibility at endothelial regulatory loci. In multicellular cardiac organoids, endothelial RUNX1 activation impaired endothelial-cardiomyocyte signalling and cardiomyocyte contractile function, whereas endothelial-specific RUNX1 deletion restored endothelial and myocardial function. Pharmacological RUNX1 inhibition with Ro24-7429 similarly improved endothelial and cardiomyocyte function in vitro and reduced myocardial fibrosis while preserving cardiac function in LMNAH222P/H222P mice, including after disease onset.
CONCLUSIONS: RUNX1-driven EndoMT represents a central mechanism linking LMNA mutations to fibrotic remodelling in LMNA cardiomyopathy. These findings support endothelial transcriptional reprogramming and RUNX1 signalling as potential therapeutic targets in fibrotic cardiomyopathy.
METHODS: Spatial transcriptomics and integrated single-nuclei multiomics were performed on explanted human LMNA-DCM hearts to define endothelial transcriptional and epigenomic states associated with fibrosis. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells, engineered cardiac organoids, and the LMNAH222P/H222P mouse model were used to investigate RUNX1-mediated endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). Genetic and pharmacological RUNX1 inhibition strategies were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.
RESULTS: Endothelial populations exhibiting EndoMT-associated transcriptional and epigenomic signatures were identified in human LMNA-DCM hearts. LMNA induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells demonstrated endothelial dysfunction, mesenchymal gene activation, and epigenetic activation of RUNX1 following loss of LMNA-mediated repression. Genetic RUNX1 deletion restored endothelial identity, reversed EndoMT-associated transcriptional programmes, and normalized chromatin accessibility at endothelial regulatory loci. In multicellular cardiac organoids, endothelial RUNX1 activation impaired endothelial-cardiomyocyte signalling and cardiomyocyte contractile function, whereas endothelial-specific RUNX1 deletion restored endothelial and myocardial function. Pharmacological RUNX1 inhibition with Ro24-7429 similarly improved endothelial and cardiomyocyte function in vitro and reduced myocardial fibrosis while preserving cardiac function in LMNAH222P/H222P mice, including after disease onset.
CONCLUSIONS: RUNX1-driven EndoMT represents a central mechanism linking LMNA mutations to fibrotic remodelling in LMNA cardiomyopathy. These findings support endothelial transcriptional reprogramming and RUNX1 signalling as potential therapeutic targets in fibrotic cardiomyopathy.