Horizontal maxillary osteotomy with interpositional fibula flap.

Horizontal maxillary osteotomy with an interpositional fibula flap for maxillary deficiency offers several advantages over conventional techniques for maxillary reconstruction. Maxillary deficiencies in all 3 planes, vertical, anterior-posterior, and transverse, can be corrected with a long-term stable construct while simultaneously restoring bony and soft tissue deficiencies. We conducted a retrospective review of patients with maxillary hypoplasia who underwent Horizontal maxillary osteotomy with interpositional osteoseptocutaneous fibula flaps. Compared with nonvascularized bone grafts, vascularized bone flaps undergo less resorption and can be used in poorly vascularized, mechanically unstable, irradiated, or scarred wound beds.