How to dramatically reduce dehydration-related readmission in patients undergoing restorative surgery with diverting ileostomy for ulcerative colitis.

BACKGROUND

Patients affected by ulcerative colitis (UC) often require surgery, involving two or three-stage procedures, including ileostomy creation. While ileostomy has some advantages, it can lead to complications, such as dehydration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a new individualized stoma-therapeutic-care-pathway (STCP) on dehydration-related readmissions. Secondary endpoints were stoma-related complications.

METHODS

The study compares two series of consecutive patients with UC undergoing diverting ileostomy during restorative ileo-pouch-anal-anastomosis. The STCP group consists of patients enrolled from January 2020 to December 2021 who followed the pathway. The older group was selected from 2015 to 2017 (control group). Clinical data were collected, including patient characteristics, hospital stay, complications, and readmissions. The study was approved by the local institutional review board.

RESULTS

Overall, 30-day dehydration-related readmission occurred in one (1.4%) versus nine (15.3%) patients in the STCP group versus control group, respectively (p = 0.005). In-hospital peristomal skin complications were significantly lower in STCP group (6 patients, 8.5%) versus control (35, 59.3%), as well as ostomy complications that occurred in 5 (7%) patients in the STCP group versus 8 (13.5%) in the control group (both p < 0.001). Ostomy complications reduced significantly in the STCP group after discharge (two patients, 2.8% versus eight, 13.5%), p = 0.001, and after 30-days (three patients, 4.2% versus five, 8.5%).

CONCLUSIONS

This study underscores the effectiveness of STCP in reducing dehydration-related readmissions and stoma-related complications in patients with UC undergoing stoma creation. It emphasizes the significance of patient education, close follow-up, and multidisciplinary care. Further research and standardized stoma education are essential.