Histological and clinical outcomes of lateral sinus floor elevation with simultaneous removal of a maxillary sinus pseudocyst.

BACKGROUND

Maxillary sinus pathologies are a potential risk for failure of implant and bone augmentation. Management of lateral sinus floor elevation in the presence of a pseudocyst remains controversial, and reports on histological outcomes of endo-sinus bone augmentation with maxillary cysts are scarce.

PURPOSE: To present a modified surgical technique for removal of maxillary pseudocyst with simultaneous sinus floor elevation, and to evaluate clinical and histological outcomes of the bone grafting.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

Patients with a radiographic dome-shaped opacity in the posterior maxillary sinus were included to receive lateral sinus floor elevation with simultaneous pseudocyst removal. Bone core specimens harvested from the lateral aspect of the augmentation sites were histomorphometrically analyzed. Data were recorded and evaluated in terms of survival rates and complications.

RESULTS

A total of 15 patients were included who underwent 17 maxillary sinus augmentation surgeries. Implant survival rate was 97.0%. Bone biopsy specimens were obtained at 6 months after surgery. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that mean percentages of mineralized bone, bone substitute, and nonmineralized tissue were 24.9% ± 18.1%, 14.4% ± 12.5%, and 60.1% ± 12.44%, respectively. No recurrence of the pseudocyst was detected on radiographic examination.

CONCLUSIONS

The described technique could be successfully applied in clinical practice to perform sinus augmentation in the presence of pseudocysts.