Giardia and Cryptosporidium infections in neonatal reindeer calves: Relation to the acute phase response.

This longitudinal observational study was conducted to investigate the spontaneous effect of Giardia and Cryptosporidium infections on acute phase response (APR) in reindeer calves (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Finnish Lapland. Serum (n=609) and faecal samples (n=366) were collected from 54 reindeer calves aged zero to 33days. The samples were analysed for Giardia, Cryptosporidium, acute phase proteins (APP) and γ-globulins. Linear regression models were used to investigate associations of early Giardia infection (before 12days of life) with the response of APPs and acquiring of passive immunity. Giardia was detected in 100% and Cryptosporidium in 23% of calves. There was a negative association between early Giardia infection and γ-globulin concentrations (p=0.032) and a positive association with serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations (p=0.042). The results suggest a protective effect of colostrum against Giardia infection and that early infection may induce activation of APR.