A case of primary uterine cervical neuroendocrine tumor with meningeal carcinomatosis confirmed by diagnostic imaging and autopsy.

Primary uterine cervical neuroendocrine tumors are rare, but affect relatively young women and the prognosis is poor despite multidisciplinary treatment. The incidence of meningeal carcinomatosis arising from malignant tumors of the uterine cervix is extremely low, only two patients with meningeal carcinomatosis arising from a uterine cervical neuroendocrine tumor have been reported in the English literature. Moreover, there have been no reports in which this was confirmed at autopsy. We encountered a pregnant woman aged 33 years who was diagnosed as having atypical carcinoid of the uterine cervix after radical surgery. Despite multidrug chemotherapy (paclitaxel + etoposide + cisplatin and irinotecan + carboplatin), the patient developed multiple organ metastases. Although there was no metastasis to the brain parenchyma or the spinal cord parenchyma, the patient also developed meningeal carcinomatosis. Whole-brain radiation therapy was performed, but was ineffective. The patient died at 19 months after her initial operation and 10 days after diagnosis of meningeal carcinomatosis. The presence of meningeal carcinomatosis was confirmed at autopsy.