Comprehensive Analysis of the ADCY Family and Identification of ADCY5 as a Prognostic Marker for Gastric Cancer.

BACKGROUND

Genes belonging to the adenylate cyclase (ADCY) family regulate various biological processes, including tumor metabolism, metastasis, angiogenesis, and immune escape. However, the functions of these genes in multiple cancers unclear.

METHODS

This study analyzed the expression, prognostic value, correlation, mutation, and methylation patterns of ten genes belonging to the ADCY family across multiple cancers using multi-omics data. Additionally, the correlation between ADCY5 and immune cells, as well as the function of ADCY5 in multiple cancers were examined using single-cell data and spatial transcriptomic data.

RESULTS

Ten ADCY family genes were differentially expressed in most tumors and normal tissues, and their aberrant expression in multiple cancers significantly reduced patient survival. The expression level of ADCY5 was significantly correlated with the immune microenvironment. We also identified and validated the potential of ADCY5 as a potential biomarker for gastric cancer.

CONCLUSION

Our pan-cancer analysis nominates the ADCY family as a source of potential cancer biomarkers. We specifically validated ADCY5 in gastric cancer, establishing it as a promising prognostic biomarker with clinical and functional relevance, with significant implications for optimizing immunotherapy strategies and prognostic assessment in this malignancy.