Approach to Isolated Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy.

Isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy can develop in patients with a variety of conditions and can pose a clinical challenge. Whereas robust guidelines for this topic are lacking, knowledge about when to pursue additional work-up and invasive testing is crucial for optimal outcomes. Lymph node characteristics in chest computed tomography and endobronchial ultrasound findings may provide insight as to the etiology. However, tissue confirmation is often required, and endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial needle aspiration is the preferred method to confirm the etiology.