International consensuses and guidelines on management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) by the Asia-Pacific Vitreo-retina Society (APVRS), the Academy of Asia-Pacific Professors of Ophthalmology (AAPPO) and the Academia Retina Internationalis (ARI).

The management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) presents both established consensus and ongoing controversies, particularly regarding emerging therapies (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents [VEGF], subthreshold laser and intravitreal steroids) versus conventional approaches (laser photocoagulation and vitrectomy). The Asia-Pacific Vitreo-retina Society (APVRS), the Academy of Asia-Pacific Professors of Ophthalmology (AAPPO) and the Academia Retina Internationalis (ARI) saw such a need to establish consensus and controversial statements on PDR management. They formed an international panel of experts (IPE) comprising 26 experts from 13 countries/territories to establish the statements, including diagnosis and diagnostic technologies, screening approaches, laser, anti-VEGF, intravitreal steroids and vitrectomy and related techniques in PDR management. The objective is to synthesize evidence-based real-world practice recommendations from leading global experts to guide the management of PDR. Of the 37 statements, the IPE reached consensus (75 % voted as "Strong Agreement" or "Agreement") on 28 (76 %) statements. Controversial statements, such as panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in special scenarios, use of steroids in cases unresponsive to anti-VEGF and PRP and during vitrectomy to improve visual oucomes, and specific surgical techniques such as internal limiting membrane peeling and drainage retinotomy in the treatment of PDR are identified. Given its high prevalence and propensity for visual morbidity, and the recent advances in surgery for PDR, confirming the standard practices and deliberating on controversies to find the best approach by international experts would help improve the management of PDR further.