Recurrence and risks after partial matrixectomy for ingrown nails.

INTRODUCTION

Ingrown nails (onychocryptosis) is a debilitating condition that often recurs after partial matrixectomy. Therefore, this study investigated the incidence of ingrown nails and identified the risk factors associated with recurrence.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study analysed electronic health records of orthopaedic surgery patients aged 18+ from Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Denmark (April 2017-November 2020) to assess recurrence and associated risk factors.

RESULTS

The cohort included 53% females (n = 83) and 47% males (n = 75), with 44% (n = 69) aged 18-28 years. Active smokers constituted 73% (n = 115). Common comorbidities were musculoskeletal disorders (32%, n = 51), endocrine (22%, n = 34) and cardiovascular disorders (15%, n = 23). Recurrence occurred in 34% (n = 54, p less-than 0.05). Middle-aged individuals (29-40 years: 64%; 41-50 years: 60%) showed slightly higher recurrence rates, though this finding was non-significant (p = 0.07). Males (OR = 0.24, 95% CI, p = 0.000) and smokers (OR = 0.34, 95% CI, p = 0.016) had lower recurrence odds. Complications were significantly higher in recurrence cases (OR = 4.35, 95% CI, p less-than 0.000), with abscess (100%), panaritium (100%) and onychogryphosis (95%) being the most prevalent.

CONCLUSIONS

Recurrence affected one-third of the cohort, with higher rates being observed in younger and middle-aged individuals, whereas males and smokers had lower recurrence rates.

FUNDING: None.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not relevant.