Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology · 2025
Measurement of maximal voluntary isometric lower limb muscle strength using a hand-held dynamometer in a non-injured healthy population: A systematic review of reference values, protocols, and sex differences.
СтатьяСистематический обзорМетаанализНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Machado Mariana B, de Carvalho Ana Louise R, Schindler Ingara, Rodrigues Paulo Canas, Saquetto Micheli B, Leporace Gustavo, Arcanjo Fabio L, Gomes-Neto Mansueto
Аннотация
UNLABELLED: Although hand-held dynamometers are increasingly used in clinical practice, no systematic review has yet detailed the protocols for their use or thoroughly analyzed the results obtained.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to compile reference values for maximal voluntary isometric strength of the lower limbs, as measured with handheld dynamometry, in healthy individuals. The goal was to provide useful normative data for clinical strength assessments and to examine variations in measurement protocols and differences related to sex across different age groups.
METHODS: Searches were performed in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, PEDro, and CINAHL from inception to April 2025. Two independent reviewers screened the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted, and the pooled data were presented using the standardized mean difference and 95 % confidence intervals.
RESULTS: We included 19 studies with 4,854 non-injured participants from 10 different countries. From the included studies, data on maximal voluntary isometric lower limb muscle strength were extracted and synthesized according to age group and sex. We found a relatively limited number of studies (n = 5) that proposed reference equations.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review provides the most up-to-date sex- and age-specific reference values for measuring muscle strength using isometric handheld dynamometry. Additionally, we provide practical instructions for using manual dynamometry in the lower limbs.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to compile reference values for maximal voluntary isometric strength of the lower limbs, as measured with handheld dynamometry, in healthy individuals. The goal was to provide useful normative data for clinical strength assessments and to examine variations in measurement protocols and differences related to sex across different age groups.
METHODS: Searches were performed in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, PEDro, and CINAHL from inception to April 2025. Two independent reviewers screened the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted, and the pooled data were presented using the standardized mean difference and 95 % confidence intervals.
RESULTS: We included 19 studies with 4,854 non-injured participants from 10 different countries. From the included studies, data on maximal voluntary isometric lower limb muscle strength were extracted and synthesized according to age group and sex. We found a relatively limited number of studies (n = 5) that proposed reference equations.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review provides the most up-to-date sex- and age-specific reference values for measuring muscle strength using isometric handheld dynamometry. Additionally, we provide practical instructions for using manual dynamometry in the lower limbs.