Head Tracking for Confirming User Selection for Human-Machine Interaction.

This paper presents a human-machine interface designed to help individuals with upper-limb impairments select items on a screen using only head movements. The system allows users to make selections and confirm choices without requiring hand input. A study with 22 participants (11 male, 11 female, average age 23 years) evaluated its performance across three configurations. Results showed a clear learning curve, with participants achieving greater accuracy and consistency over time. Users adapted well to the system, maintaining stable mouth-opening and head-transition movements close to target values. Their range of motion in pitch and yaw also became more controlled, suggesting improved efficiency and ease of interaction. Survey responses reflected high confidence in system safety while highlighting areas for improving comfort and ease of use. These findings demonstrate the system's potential for accessible, intuitive interaction, with opportunities for further refinement to enhance user experience.