Orbital indications.

GKNS for uveal melanoma has become a recognized valued treatment which avoids enucleation of the eye. In the early days, the eccentric location of these tumors made treatment difficult, but Gamma Knife Perfexion has solved that problem. It is known that larger tumors and tumors with an anterior location have a worse prognosis. GKNS has also been of rather unexpected benefit in optic nerve gliomas that require treatment. Choroidal hemangiomas may benefit from treatment as can secondary glaucoma. It has also been found to be beneficial in the treatment of thyrotoxic ophthalmopathy.