Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026
HYPERREFLECTIVE RETINAL SPOTS IN EPIRETINAL MEMBRANES: Evolving Significance Across Disease Stages.
СтатьяНаблюдательное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Quarta Alberto, Ruggeri Maria Ludovica, De Santis Ciacci Corina, Tartaro Ruggero, Toto Lisa, Mastropasqua Rodolfo
Аннотация
PURPOSE: To investigate the hyperreflective spots (HRS) across different stages of epiretinal membrane using optical coherence tomography and their relationship with anatomical and functional parameters.
METHODS: This observational study included 111 patients with epiretinal membrane, categorized into early (Stages 1-2, n = 43) and late (Stages 3-4, n = 68). Total HRS (HRST), visual acuity, central retinal thickness, and outer nuclear layer thickness were measured using optical coherence tomography. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U test for group comparisons and Spearman correlation to assess relationships between HRST and visual acuity.
RESULTS: Total hyperreflective spots increased significantly from early (27.67 ± 12.57) to late (35.15 ± 17.28, P = 0.015) stages. In early stages, HRST showed a moderate positive correlation with visual acuity (ρ = 0.48, P = 0.001), whereas this correlation diminished in late stages (ρ = 0.036, P = 0.426). Central retinal thickness also increased significantly from early to late stages (380.05 ± 94.51 µ m vs. 523.54 ± 83.92 µ m, P < 0.001). Outer nuclear layer thickness showed no significant difference between the stages ( P = 0.543). In early stages (Stage 1-2), linear regression model showed that HRST and central retinal thickness were valuable visual acuity predictors (Adjusted R 2 = 0.284, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Total hyperreflective spots progressively increases with epiretinal membrane severity, correlating with visual function in early stages but losing this association in advanced stages. These findings suggest that HRST could be a prognostic marker for early disease progression and highlight the need for timely intervention to preserve visual function.
METHODS: This observational study included 111 patients with epiretinal membrane, categorized into early (Stages 1-2, n = 43) and late (Stages 3-4, n = 68). Total HRS (HRST), visual acuity, central retinal thickness, and outer nuclear layer thickness were measured using optical coherence tomography. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U test for group comparisons and Spearman correlation to assess relationships between HRST and visual acuity.
RESULTS: Total hyperreflective spots increased significantly from early (27.67 ± 12.57) to late (35.15 ± 17.28, P = 0.015) stages. In early stages, HRST showed a moderate positive correlation with visual acuity (ρ = 0.48, P = 0.001), whereas this correlation diminished in late stages (ρ = 0.036, P = 0.426). Central retinal thickness also increased significantly from early to late stages (380.05 ± 94.51 µ m vs. 523.54 ± 83.92 µ m, P < 0.001). Outer nuclear layer thickness showed no significant difference between the stages ( P = 0.543). In early stages (Stage 1-2), linear regression model showed that HRST and central retinal thickness were valuable visual acuity predictors (Adjusted R 2 = 0.284, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Total hyperreflective spots progressively increases with epiretinal membrane severity, correlating with visual function in early stages but losing this association in advanced stages. These findings suggest that HRST could be a prognostic marker for early disease progression and highlight the need for timely intervention to preserve visual function.