Evaluation of heat shock protein 70, AMH, and key hormonal markers in cellular mechanisms of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases characterized by hyperandrogenemia and anovulation. The present study aimed to estimate heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) in PCOS patients. This case-control study involved 90 females aged 15 to 45 years, divided into two groups: 45 controls and 45 PCOS patients. Levels of HSP-70, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, and testosterone were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The study revealed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.01) in HSP-70 and AMH levels in PCOS patients compared to controls, with mean ± SD values of 16.49 ± 2.79 and 2386.14 ± 530.09, respectively. Hormonal parameters such as LH, testosterone, and prolactin were elevated, whereas FSH was decreased in PCOS patients. The findings suggest that elevated HSP-70 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of PCOS.