The microbiome in human skin aging.

Microbiome dysbiosis correlates with aging-associated pathological skin conditions, and our understanding of how the microbiome regulates skin aging at a molecular level is rapidly advancing. Classical hallmarks of skin aging, including genomic instability and telomere attrition, loss of proteostasis, epigenetic alterations, and altered intercellular communication, are critically regulated by the microbiome. Oxidative stress represents a key factor implicated in virtually all hallmarks of skin aging. Meanwhile, recent data underscore the role of metabolism in intercellular communication and aging. Here, we examine current evidence linking the skin microbiome to such molecular events in the aging skin.