The involvement of the semantic neural network in rule identification of mathematical processing.

The role of the visuospatial network in mathematical processing has been established, but the involvement of the semantic network in mathematical processing is still poorly understood. The current study utilized a number series completion paradigm with the event-related potential (ERP) technique to examine whether the semantic network supports mathematical processing and to find the corresponding spatiotemporal neural marker. In total, 32 right-handed undergraduate students were recruited and asked to complete the number series completion as well as the arithmetical computation task in which numbers were presented in sequence. The event-related potential and multi-voxel pattern analysis showed that the rule identification process involves more semantic processing when compared with the arithmetical computation processes, and it elicited higher amplitudes for the late negative component (LNC) in left frontal and temporal lobes. These results demonstrated that the semantic network supports the rule identification in mathematical processing, with the LNC acting as the neural marker.